Here some problem or solution of the problem is given in the statement you have to choose the appropriate logical deduction for given statement.
Statement:
Urban areas have expanded rapidly, but public transport has not kept pace. As a result, traffic congestion and air pollution have increased. Experts recommend massive investments in metro lines, electric buses, and last-mile connectivity to address urban mobility challenges.
Conclusions:
I. The lack of adequate public transport contributes to pollution in cities.
II. Improving public transport can reduce urban mobility problems.
III. Urban growth is always a negative phenomenon.
Which conclusion necessarily follows?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: B
Explanation
Conclusion I: A lack of adequate public transport causes pollution in cities.
This is substantiated because the statement clearly states that when public transport failed to keep pace with urban development, air pollution increased. This indicates that inadequate public transport leads to increased pollution.
Therefore, Conclusion I follows.
Conclusion II: Improvements in public transport can mitigate urban mobility-related problems.
This is also substantiated, as experts recommend metro systems, electric buses, and improved connectivity as solutions to mobility-related challenges. This implies that better public transport can alleviate these problems.
Therefore, Conclusion II follows.
Conclusion III: Urban development is always a negative phenomenon. This is not substantiated.
The statement does not assert that urban development is inherently bad. It merely states that problems arise when public transport fails to evolve alongside the cities. The word 'always' renders this conclusion an overgeneralization.
Therefore, Conclusion III does not follow.
Only Conclusions I and II follow.
Option (2) is the correct answer.