Change the following from active to passive:
They have adopted multiple strategies to enhance learning outcomes in rural schools.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: A
Explanation
Correct Answer
Multiple strategies have been adopted to enhance learning outcomes in rural schools.
Explanation
Active to Passive Voice Rules: To convert a sentence from active to passive voice, the object of the active sentence becomes the new subject, and the verb structure is adjusted to match the original tense.
Step 1 (Identify Elements):
The active sentence breaks down into a subject ("They"), a verb phrase in the Present Perfect Tense ("have adopted"), a direct object ("multiple strategies"), and an infinitive purpose clause ("to enhance learning outcomes in rural schools").
Step 2 (Object Shift):
The direct object "Multiple strategies" is moved to the very front of the sentence to act as the new passive subject.
Step 3 (Tense Matching):
For a sentence in the Present Perfect Tense, the passive voice construction requires a present perfect auxiliary verb (has/have) combined with "been" and the past participle form of the main verb (V3). Since our new subject "Multiple strategies" is plural, the verb phrase remains "have been adopted".
Step 4 (Agent Omission):
In formal English grammar, when the original subject is a vague pronoun like "They," it is conventionally omitted from the passive sentence rather than appended as "by them," unless specifying the exact actors is vital to the context.
Assembling these components logically confirms that the first option is the only grammatically flawless transformation.
Key Points
Active Structure: Subject (They) + have adopted + Object (multiple strategies) + Purpose Clause
Passive Structure: New Subject (Multiple strategies) + have been adopted + Purpose Clause
Grammatical Role: Present perfect passive conversion, which successfully shifts structural emphasis to the actions being taken rather than the unspecified group performing them.