SarkariPYQ

SSC CPO 2022 PYQ — Question 45

SSC CPO - 11 Nov 2022 - Shift 1 • English • Q45

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Read the given passage and answer the questions that follow.

Ghana was the first true African state. The reason why we are saying this is that most African states lived in tribal villages but Ghana was the centre of gold trade. This gold trade opened new possibilities for the Ghanaians. The gold trade roots back to the 4th century, when African Soninke tribes were under the rule of the Maga, a Berber clan originating from Morocco. This clan has mastered trans-Saharan camel travel. They were known for trading salt for gold from the Soninke.
When the Arabs invaded North Africa, there was an upsurge in the trade in gold. Ghana became rich and soon after, the Soninke ousted the Maga and built their own nation under Kaya Magan Cisse, who became the Soninke king around 790.
Ghana’s ancient capital, Koumbi Salah, was the city where Africans and Berbers met and traded. Arab traders in the 9th century described Ghana as ‘the land of gold.’ The gold came from Asante and Senegal, to the south and west. The trade routes led north and east to Morocco, Libya and Aksum and so on to Europe and Asia.
Ghana had reached its peak in the 10th century. This was the country which controlled both the gold and salt trades. Other trading goods included woollen clothes, luxury items, leather goods and slaves. Traders transported goods hundreds of kilometres across the Sahara desert with camel caravans.

_________ and _________ were the foundation of Ghana’s trade in ancient times.

Show answer & explanation

Correct answer: C

Explanation

The correct answer is option 3 i.e., Gold, Salt.

The passage states that Ghana was the center of gold trade and that gold trade roots back to the 4th century.

The Soninke tribes were known for trading salt for gold. Ghana controlled both the gold and salt trades during its peak.

These lines from the passage indicate that gold and salt were the foundation of Ghana’s trade in ancient times:

"Ghana was the first true African state... Ghana was the centre of gold trade... The gold trade roots back to the 4th century... They were known for trading salt for gold from the Soninke... Ghana had reached its peak in the 10th century. This was the country which controlled both the gold and salt trades."