SSC MTS 2024 PYQ — Question 64

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Public goods.

Air and National Defence are examples of public goods. Public goods are characterised by non-excludability and non-rivalry, meaning that no one can be excluded from using them, and one person’s use does not reduce availability for others. Air, as a basic necessity, and national defence, which protects all citizens, are provided by the government because private markets cannot efficiently supply them. These goods are essential for societal well-being and security, and their provision ensures collective benefits for the entire population.