According to the Article 243 of the Constitution of India, ________ means an institution of self-government constituted under article 243B, for the rural areas.
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Panchayat.
Article 243: Local self-government
According to the Constitution of India, Panchayat means an institution of self-governance constituted under Article 243B for rural areas.
Under the Directive Principles of State Policy in Part 4 of the Constitution, Article 40 has given instructions to the State to implement the Panchayati Raj system.
Article 40: Formation of Gram Panchayats for self-governance
Lord Ripon is considered the father of 'local self-government' in India.
The Panchayati Raj system in India was started on 2 October 1959 by the first Prime Minister of India, Jabahar Lal Nehru from Nagaur district of Rajasthan.
Panchayati Raj institutions have been given constitutional status by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment.
The 73rd Constitutional Amendment (1992), which came into force in India from 24 April 1993, deals with Panchayati Raj.
In Madhya Pradesh, the Panchayati Raj Act was introduced in the Assembly on 30 December 1993, passed on 25 January 1994 and implemented on 20 August 1994.
By the 73rd Constitutional Amendment, Articles 243(A) to 243(O) were added under Article 243 in Part 9 of the Constitution, and the 11th Schedule was added, in which there are a total of 29 subjects on which Panchayats can make laws.
In order to strengthen and activate local self-governance in cities, the 74th Constitutional Amendment of the Constitution was passed by the Parliament in 1992 and a law was made which came into effect from June 1, 1993. Under this law, three types of institutions will work in urban bodies.
Urban institutions have been given constitutional status by the 74th Constitutional Amendment.
By the 74th Constitutional Amendment, Part 9(A) was added to the Constitution, titled Urban Bodies. Under which Articles 243(P) to 243(ZG) were added, and 12th Schedule was added, in which there are a total of 11 subjects on which urban bodies can make laws.