According to the 1950 India-Nepal Treaty of Peace and Friendship, what is one key provision agreed upon by both governments?
Show answer & explanation
Correct answer: C
Explanation
Answer: (C) Reciprocal rights regarding residence and trade.
Explanation —
The 'Treaty of Peace and Friendship between India and Nepal,' signed in Kathmandu on July 31, 1950, serves as the cornerstone of bilateral relations between the two nations. The most significant and unique provisions of this treaty are enshrined in Articles 6 and 7. According to these articles, both governments have agreed to grant each other's citizens equal privileges—on a 'reciprocal' basis—within their respective territories regarding residence, ownership of property, participation in trade and commerce, and freedom of movement.
This is the reason why citizens of Nepal can reside in India without a visa or passport, and are even eligible to join government services (with the exception of certain specific services). The treaty also stipulates that both nations shall respect each other's sovereignty and territorial integrity. Although Nepal has, in recent years, sought a review of certain provisions of this treaty, it continues to remain the primary foundation of the 'special relationship' between the two countries to this day.
Additional Points —
Regarding Options (A) and (D): These are entirely incorrect. Nepal is a sovereign nation; it possesses its own army and its own constitution (enacted in 2015). India exercises no administrative control over it.
Regarding Option (B): India and Nepal share extremely close diplomatic ties, often characterized as a 'Roti-Beti ka Rishta' (a bond of sustenance and kinship).
Potential Exam Questions and Answers —
Question: Which river delineates the border between India and Nepal?
Answer: The Mahakali River (also known as the Sharda River).
Question: Between which two countries is the 'Surya Kiran' military exercise conducted?
Answer: India and Nepal.